Boiler, turbine, condenser, pump, carnot cycle for steam, disadvantages of carnot cycle application, rankine cycle and. It is likely to be the least expensive turbine to meet the requirement. Steam power plant cycles simple vapor cycle and its components. Turbomachine notes 15me53 turbo machines subject code. Classification, single stage impulse turbine, condition for maximum blade efficiency, stage efficiency, need and methods of compounding, multistage impulse turbine, expression for maximum utilization factor. Symbols and units unless otherwise noted, the following symbols and units are used in this manual. The direct method, heatloss method, tutorial sheet 3. Based on energy transfer a energy is given by fluid to the rotor power. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. The steam leaves the and enters steam turbine at 400c.
Here you can download the turbo machines vtu notes tm vtu pdf of as per vtu syllabus. Based on position of rotating shaft a horizontal shaft steam turbines b vertical shaft kaplan water turbines c inclined shaft modern bulb micro. Types of steam turbine an overview sciencedirect topics. A 40 mw steam plant working on rankine cycle operates between boiler pressure of 4 mpa and condenser pressure of 10 kpa. In large power stations after partial expansion in the turbine steam is returned. Thus a steam turbine could be viewed as a complex series of windmilllike arrangements, all assembled on the same shaft. Lecture 33 turbine definition, types of turbines, comparison of gas turbine with reciprocating ic engine and steam turbine, classification of gas turbine 34 lecture34 thermodynamic cycle or brayton cycle, problem solving 35 lecture 35 regenerative gas turbine cycle, reheat gas turbine cycle, problem solving. Ger3705 ge steam turbine design philosophy and technology. Combined heat and power technology fact sheets series.
Chp can be adapted to both utility and industrial steam turbine designs. Jul 01, 2016 the steam at a higher temperature from the turbine is first condensed in the spray type page 23 the first one is the conventional surface condenser, where the turbine exhaust steam is the second heat exchanger is the hot water to air heat exchanger, in which the hot water from the surface condenser is cooled with the help of finned tubing. The first steam turbine rail locomotive was built in 1908 for the officine meccaniche miani silvestri grodona comi, milan, italy. Maintenance and overhaul of steam turbines wgp42 05. The turbine is used for both condensing and backpressure applications, either geared or directly coupled. A steam turbine is a mechanical device that extracts thermal energy from pressurized steam, and converts it into useful mechanical. Therefore, most steam turbine chp systems are characterized by low power to. Several valves control the steam flow for a number of such openings. The steam turbine is one kind of heat engine machine in which steam s heat energy is converted to mechanical work. The rotor is turned by steam impinging against attached vanes or blades on which it exerts a force in the tangential direction. Glossary of steam turbine terms wiley online library. Three basic phases can be distinguished in the process of steam turbine unit start.
The sst600 is a singlecasing steam turbine designed for operation within a speed range of 3,000 to 18,000 rpm for generators or mechanical drives up to 150 mw. Our steam turbine portfolio spans across all fuels including gas, nuclear, coal, oil, biomass, solar and. A steam turbine locomotive engine is a steam locomotive driven by a steam turbine. Below we have list all the links as per the modules. Eme unit 2 turbines ppt by kalyan chakravarthy turbine. In 1924 krupp built the steam turbine locomotive t18 001, operational in 1929, for deutsche reichsbahn.
Show that for a single stage axial flow impulse turbine the rotor efficiency is given by. There is no piston rod,flywheel or slide valves attached to the turbine. In this steam turbines books section you will find handbooks training material and slides related to steam turbine auxiliaries, design and operation and maintenance. In general, a steam turbine is a rotary heat engine that converts thermal energy contained in the steam to mechanical energy or to electrical energy. Over the last 100 years, ge has manufactured and installed a worldwide fleet of steam turbines. A steam turbine is mainly used as an ideal prime mover in which heat energy is transformed into mechanical energy in the form of rotary motion. The principles of correct conducting startups have been developed over the longterm operation of steam turbines and contain experience of turbine designers, constructors and operators. For turbine load control purposes the first impulse stage might receive steam only through a certain arc portion of the whole circumference. Symbol description unit power and speed p power kw kilowatt. The customized steam path is arranged according to the customers needs. In its simplest form, a steam turbine consist of a boiler steam generator, turbine, condenser, feed pump and a variety of auxiliary devices. A 40mw steam power plant working on rankine cycle operates between boiler pressure of 4mpa and condenser pressure of 10 kpa. Classification, single stage impulse turbine, condition for maximum blade efficiency, stage efficiency, need and methods of compounding, multi.
Steam turbine working principle and types of steam turbine. Mechanical engineering v semester teaching hours week. Elements of mechanical engineering model question paper no. High voltage engineering pdf vtu in 2021 high voltage. Steam turbine blading can be subjected to several failure mechanisms in service. Classification, singlestage, condition for maximum and minimum blade efficiency, stage efficiency, multistage impulse turbine, the expression for minimum and maximum utilization factor. Differentiate between impulse turbine and reaction turbine. The btu or british thermal unit is defined as the quantity of heat required to raise. Turbo machines vtu notes pdf tm pdf vtu smart world. Oct 05, 2019 power plant engineering notes pdf ppe notes pdf. Why steamturbine technology deserves more attention. Introduction, back pressure turbine, passout turbine, combined cycle power generation, characteristics of ideal working fluid for vapour power cycle, binary vapour cycle, combined cycle plants. For steam turbines to operate with high reliability and availability, the ability to.
However, few of them produce models with an output of less than 200 kw. Steam turbines are supplied by several manufacturers. The steam at a higher temperature from the turbine is first condensed in the spray type page 23 the first one is the conventional surface condenser, where the turbine exhaust steam is the second heat exchanger is the hot water to air heat exchanger, in which the hot water from the surface condenser is cooled with the help of finned tubing. Feb 26, 2021 here you can download the high voltage engineering vtu notes pdf hve notes of as per vtu syllabus. Steam turbine 5 operating range of steam turbines can be shown in speed power chart such as the following figure fig. The drive for improved reliability and availability resulted in the industry backing away from both the 1050f steam temper atures which were common in the late 50s and early 60s and the 3500 psig supercritical throttle. The conversion of energy in the blades takes place by impulse, reaction or impulse reaction principle. What is steam turbine description and characteristics. Elements of mechanical engineering vtu notes pdf eme vtu sw. Turbo machines syllabus for me 5 sem 2015 scheme vtu cbcs.
Different sizes of the turbine from 500 kw to 2000 kw and steam conditions in terms of inlet and outlet pressure have been proposed and the optimal conditions. Mechanical engineering department, vtu, bit bangalore india received 14 april 2018, accepted 15 june 2018, available online 22 june 2018, vol. Pdf power plant lecture notes chapter4 steam turbine. A steam turbine consists of a rotor resting on bearings and enclosed in a cylindrical casing. The steam leaves the boiler and enters the steam turbine at 4000c. Able to do thermodynamic analysis for steam nozzles, condensers and steam turbines. Determine i blade angles at inlet and outlet if steam leaves the blade in axial direction. Power plant engineering complete five unit vtu notes pdf download.
Regardless of steam turbine type backpressure or extraction the primary objective of most steam turbine chp systems is to. Steam enters the turbine with a high energy content and leaves after giving up most of it. Raise the degree of superheat of supplied steam as specified and maintain the same temperature over a defined range of load. Challenges in circumferential entry blades for structural. Flow of steam through nozzles, shapes of nozzles, effect of friction, critical pressure. Here we have listed different units wise downloadable links of turbo machines vtu notes where you can click to download respectively. Comparison of gas power plant with steam and diesel power plants. Evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of gas turbine and jet. An introduction to steam turbine selection wiley online library. Unit iii unit iii steam nozzles and turbines flow of steam. Feb 25, 2019 here you can download the engineering mathematics 1 vtu notes pdf m1 notes of as per vtu syllabus. It consists of a rotor and a set of rotating blades which are attached to a shaft. Steam turbines in this size range are of the singlestage type, which implies that turbine efficiency is quite low compared to larger steam turbines or highperformance steam engines. Pelton water turbine b reaction type variable pressure e.
Ensure generation of exceptionally highpurity steam by eliminating all impurities from saturated steam. The highpressure steam from the boiler is expanded in nozzles to create a highvelocity jet of steam. These units include nearly all machines that have established excellent records in respect to output capacity, kinds and types fig. Our steam turbines equip 41% of the worlds combinedcycle plants, 30% of fossil power plants, and 50% of the worlds nuclear power plants. Reaction turbine parsonss turbine, condition for maximum utilization factor, reaction staging. Analyse various designs of steam turbine and their working principle. Following are the contents of module 3 steam and reaction turbines. This is based on a boiler efficiency of about 85% and lower heating value lhv of fuel at 18 900 btulb 10 500 kcalkg. With suitable sketch explain the working of pelton wheel impulse turbine. Oct 04, 2019 tm vtu notes pdf here you can get lecture notes of turbo machines vtu notes pdf with unit wise topics.
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